Đáp Án Và Giải Thích Collecting As A Hobby | IELTS Reading Practice @ dol.vn - Học Tiếng Anh Tư Duy - Nội dung Free

IELTS Reading Practice Test

Collecting as a hobby

Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it's one that many of us psychologists find fascinating

Many forms of collecting have been dignified with a technical name: an archtophilist collects teddy bears, a philatelist collects postage stamps, and a deltiologist collects postcards. Amassing hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money that could surely to much more productive use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world. Why do they do it? 
There are the people who collect because they want to make money - this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting; that is, collecting as a means to an end. They'll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit. But there may well be a psychological element, too - buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of triumph. And as selling online is so easy, more and more people are joining in. 
Many collectors collect to develop their social life, attending meetings of a group of collectors and exchanging information on items. This is a variant on joining a bridge club or a gym, and similarly brings them into contact with like-minded people. 
Another motive for collecting is the desire to find something special, or a particular example of the collected item, such as a rare early recording by a particular singer. 
Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless. There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they're looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
 
If you think about collecting postage stamps another potential reason for it - Or, perhaps, a result of collecting is its educational value. Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, in the 19th century, many collectors amassed fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their collections provided a vast amount of information about the natural world. Without those collections, our understanding would be greatly inferior to what it is. 
In the past - and nowadays, too, though to a lesser extent - a popular form of collecting, particularly among boys and men, was trainspotting. This might involve trying to see every locomotive of a particular type, using published data that identifies each one, and ticking off each engine as it is seen. Trainspotters exchange information, these days often by mobile phone, so they can work out where to go to, to see a particular engine. As a by-product, many practitioners of the hobby become very knowledgeable about railway operations, or the technical specifications of different engine types. 
Similarly, people who collect dolls may go beyond simply enlarging their collection, and develop an interest in the way that dolls are made, or the materials that are used. These have changed over the centuries from the wood that was standard in 16th century Europe, through the wax and porcelain of later centuries, to the plastics of today's dolls. Or collectors might be inspired to study how dolls reflect notions of what children like, or ought to like. 
Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobby, though, so what we might call a psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control, perhaps as a way of dealing with insecurity. Stamp collectors, for instance, arrange their stamps in albums, usually very neatly, organising their collection according to certain commonplace principles- perhaps by country in alphabetical order, or grouping stamps by what they depict -people, birds, maps, and so on. 
One reason, conscious or not, for what someone chooses to collect is to show the collector's individualism. Someone who decides to collect something as unexpected as dog collars, for instance, may be conveying their belief that they must be interesting themselves. And believe it or not, there is at least one dog collar museum in existence, and it grew out of a personal collection. 
Of course, all hobbies give pleasure, but the common factor in collecting is usually passion: pleasure is putting it far too mildly. More than most other hobbies, collecting can be totally engrossing, and can give a strong sense of personal fulfilment. To non-collectors it may appear an eccentric, if harmless, way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it. 

The writer mentions collecting antiques
﻿as an example of collecting in order to make money.

Collectors may get a feeling of triumph
﻿ from buying and selling items. 

Collectors’ clubs provide opportunities to share information
﻿﻿

Collectors’ clubs offer contact/meetings
﻿ with people who have similar interests.

Collecting sometimes involves a life-long hunt/desire
﻿ for a special item.

Searching for something particular may prevent people from feeling their life is completely aimless/empty
﻿﻿

Stamp collecting may be educational
﻿ because it provides facts about different countries. 

﻿trainspotting
﻿ tends to be mostly a male hobby.

The writer mentions collecting antiques
﻿as an example of collecting in order to make money.

ĐÁP ÁN & GIẢI THÍCH CÂU 1

Locate

Paraphrasing

Question: The writer mentions collecting _____ as an example of collecting in order to make money. 
So sánh các cụm từ bên bài đọc và câu hỏi, ta có:
﻿ collecting in order to make money﻿  =  collect because they want to make money   +  buy cheaply and expect to sell at a profit  ﻿
﻿ ﻿collecting antiques as an example   =  ﻿They'll look for, say, antiques ﻿

Giải thích chi tiết

Bẫy thường gặp nếu chỉ scan skim ﻿
Nếu chỉ scan skim theo keyword “money” --> chọn sai đáp án là “postcards” hoặc “chocolate wrappers” ﻿ vì trong bài đọc có:
 “Amassing hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money ...” ==> Tuy nhiên, đây là những ví dụ về việc sưu tầm mà sẽ “takes money” (tốn tiền) chứ ko phải “makes money” (làm ra tiền). 
﻿﻿ Luôn luôn phải cố gắng hiểu thông tin chứ không đi skim scan nha cả nhà.
Đọc hiểu câu hỏi:
Question: The writer mentions collecting _____ as an example of collecting in order to make money.   
Prediction: Ô trống là 1 ví dụ về một món đồ có thể sưu tầm và kiếm được tiền.
=> Main idea: Tác giả nêu ví dụ về một thứ được sưu tầm để kiếm tiền.
Xác định vị trí thông tin liên quan: Ta cần tìm thông tin mô tả việc sưu tầm cái gì đó nhằm mục đích kiếm tiền.
Đọc và hiểu thông tin liên quan:
Reading: There are the people who collect because they want to make money - this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting; that is, collecting as a means to an end. They'll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit.   
  1   There   are the people who collect because they want to make money   -  this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting; that is, collecting as a means to an end.    
Cấu trúc: 
1. SV - SV: SV đằng sau dấu gạch nối (-) thêm thông tin cho SV trước=> có thể skip nếu đã hiểu SV trước
2. There be N => ý chính ở danh từ
=> Main idea: Một số người sưu tầm vì muốn kiếm tiền.
  2   They  'll   look for, say, antiques     that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit  .   
=> Main idea: Họ tìm đồ cổ để mua rẻ và bán lại kiếm lời.
=> Main idea của thông tin liên quan: Một số người sưu tầm đồ cổ ﻿để kiếm tiền.
So sánh với câu hỏi:
Question: The writer mentions collecting _____ as an example of collecting in order to make money.    
=> Chọn: ANTIQUES ﻿﻿

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