Đáp Án Và Giải Thích Motivating Drives

IELTS Reading Practice Test

Motivating Drives

Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years. This research is a relational study which builds the fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is especially true when the Business goal is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their researchers have limitations. It is like studying the movements of car without taking out the engine.
Motivation is what drives people to succeed and plays a vital role in enhancing an organizational development. It is important to study the motivation of employees because it is related to the emotion and behavior of employees. Recent studies show there are four drives for motivation. They are the drive to acquire, the drive to bond, the drive to comprehend and the drive to defend.
The Drive to Acquire
The drive to acquire must be met to optimize the acquire aspect as well as the achievement element. Thus the way that outstanding performance is recognized, the type of perks that is provided to polish the career path. But sometimes a written letter of appreciation generates more motivation than a thousand dollar check, which can serve as the invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful organizations and leaders not only need to focus on the optimization of physical reward but also on moving other levels within the organization that can drive motivation.
The Drive to Bond
The drive to bond is also key to driving motivation. There are many kinds of bonds between people, like friendship, family. In company, employees also want to be an essential part of company. They want to belong to the company. Employees will be motivated if they find personal belonging to the company. In the meantime, the most commitment will be achieved by the employee on condition that the force of motivation within the employee affects the direction, intensity and persistence of decision and behavior in company.
The Drive to Comprehend
The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to higher performance. For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance. Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide employees with simulation that challenges them or allow them to grow. Employees don’t want to do meaningless things or monotonous job. If the job didn’t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.
The Drive to Defend
The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This drive manifests itself as a quest to create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely. The organizational lever for this basic human motivator is resource allocation. This drive is also met through an employee feeling connection to a company. If their companies are merged with another, they will show worries.
Two studies have been done to find the relations between the four drives and motivation. The article based on two studies was finally published in Harvard Business Review. Most authors’ arguments have laid emphasis on four-drive theory and actual investigations. Using the results of the surveys which executed with employees from Fortune 500 companies and other two global businesses (P company and H company), the article mentions about how independent drives influence employees’ behavior and how organizational levers boost employee motivation.
The studies show that the drive to bond is most related to fulfilling commitment, while the drive to comprehend is most related to how much effort employees spend on works. The drive to acquire can be satisfied by a rewarding system which ties rewards to performances, and gives the best people opportunities for advancement. For drive to defend, a study on the merging of P company and H company shows that employees in former company show an unusual cooperating attitude.
The key to successfully motivate employees is to meet all drives. Each of these drives is important if we are to understand employee motivation. These four drives, while not necessarily the only human drives, are the ones that are central to unified understanding of modern human life.

According to the passage, what are we told about the study of motivation?

The theory of motivating employees is starting to catch attention in organizations in recent years.

It is very important for managers to know how to motivate their subordinates because it is related to the salary of employees.

Researchers have tended to be too theoretical to their study.

The goal of employee motivation is to increase the profit of organizations.

ĐÁP ÁN & GIẢI THÍCH CÂU 1

Locate

Paraphrasing

Question: According to the passage, what are we told about the study of motivation? 
Answer: Researchers have tended to be  too theoretical to their study﻿
So sánh các cụm ở câu hỏi với bài đọc, ta có: 
﻿ Researchers  =  researchers  
﻿ too theoretical to their study  =  studying the movements of car without taking out the engine  

Giải thích chi tiết

﻿﻿ Step 1: Ứng dụng LINEARTHINKING để phân tích câu hỏi 
QUESTION:  According to the passage ,  what are we told   about the study of motivation ?  
Meaning câu hỏi: Bài đọc nói gì về cuộc nghiên cứu motivation?
 -------------------------------- 
﻿﻿ Step 2: Định vị thông tin liên quan
Nếu nhìn qua cả bài, ta locate được thông tin ở 2 đoạn đầu giới thiệu về study of motivation và các đoạn sau chủ yếu nói về 4 drives
----------------------------------
﻿﻿ Step 3: Ứng dụng LINEARTHINKING để phân tích thông tin trong bài đọc
READING:   1   But ﻿ their researchers have limitations .
 2   It ﻿ is like studying the movements of car without taking out the engine .
Meaning bài đọc: Câu   1   cho biết: 'researchers' có những hạn chế 
Câu   2   làm rõ hạn chế bằng cách đưa ra hình ảnh ẩn dụ - nghiên cứu chuyển động của xe, mà không lấy động cơ ra
=> Nêu ra hạn chế của những người nghiên cứu - làm việc dựa vào lý thuyết, chưa tiếp cận thực tế
 -------------------------------- 
 ﻿ Step 4: So sánh meaning với meaning và chọn đáp án đúng
READING: Reasearchers have limitations - like studying the movements of car without taking out the engine﻿
Answer C. Researchers have tended to be  too theoretical to their study  
(**Note: cấu trúc too + adj mang nghĩa tiêu cực > kể cả vướng từ vựng khó, vẫn hiểu đáp án nói về điểm chưa tốt của người nghiên cứu)
﻿﻿ Những phương án khác không phù hợp bởi vì:
﻿﻿ A:  ﻿The theory of motivating employees is starting to catch attention in organizations in recent years﻿   
-> Trong bài đọc không có nói recent (gần đây) hay không
﻿﻿ B:  It is very important for managers to know how to motivate their subordinates because it is related to the salary of employees.﻿  
--> Trong bài đọc không có đề cập tới salary of employees (lương nhân viên)
 ﻿ D:  The goal of employee motivation is to increase the profit of organizations.﻿  
 --> Trong bài đọc không có đề cập tới profit of organizations (lợi nhuận của công ty)  

Lưu ý

Nội dung giải thích được viết bởi DOL IELTS Đình Lực - Học Viện Tiếng Anh Tư Duy đầu tiên tại Việt Nam
Đề được viết bởi nhà xuất bản lớn gồm Cambridge và Oxford