Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh trường THPT Nghèn Sở GD&ĐT Hà Tĩnh năm 2025

(I) Urbanization refers to the increasing population shift from rural to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and metropolitan regions (Hall, 2014). (II) This phenomenon is driven by various factors, including economic opportunities, improved living standards, and social amenities available in urban centers. (III) As a result, urbanization significantly impacts both individuals and communities, leading to a range of benefits and challenges (Davis, 2016). (IV) One of the primary advantages of urbanization is the economic growth it fosters. Cities often provide a number of job opportunities, attracting individuals seeking better employment and higher incomes. In urban areas, businesses flourish due to increased demand for goods and services, leading to enhanced economic productivity. Moreover, urbanization encourages innovation and technological advancements, as a dense concentration of people often fosters creativity and collaboration (Florida, 2017). However, urbanization also presents significant challenges. Rapid population growth in cities can lead to overcrowding, straining public services such as transportation, healthcare, and education. Many urban areas struggle to provide adequate housing, resulting in the proliferation of informal settlements and slums. According to the United Nations (2018), nearly one billion people live in slums, lacking access to basic services. They also face adverse living conditions. This situation exacerbates social inequality and can lead to increased crime rates and health issues. To address the challenges of urbanization, sustainable urban planning is essential. Governments and urban planners must prioritize creating inclusive, well-connected cities that provide access to essential services for all residents. Strategies such as developing affordable housing, enhancing public transport systems, and promoting green spaces can help improve the quality of life in urban areas while mitigating the negative impacts of urbanization (World Bank, 2019). (Adapted from Urbanization and Its Impact by Hall, Davis, and others).

Eco-Friendly Transportation Choose a Greener Way to Travel! Looking to reduce your carbon footprint? By making small adjustments to your daily commute, you can make a positive impact on the environment. ➤ Why It Matters The transport sector is responsible for nearly 30% of global carbon emissions. Switching to (11) ________ forms of transportation, like biking or public transit, can make a difference. Imagine if everyone (12) ________ their car just one day per week—our air would be much cleaner! ➤ How You Can Help Bike or Walk whenever possible, especially for short trips. Use Public Transit to avoid the emissions of individual cars. Public transit produces far less pollution per (13) ________. Consider Carpooling with friends or coworkers. (14) ______ driving alone, sharing a ride reduces emissions and traffic. Together, these changes reduce the (15) ________ of pollution and help create a healthier planet for all. By choosing more eco-friendly options, we can significantly lower the (16) ________ of emissions released into the atmosphere. (Adapted from WWF, Global Stewards)

Plastic pollution has emerged as a critical environmental issue worldwide. Each year, millions of tons of plastic waste (17) ___. Some of this plastic waste ends up in rivers, lakes, and eventually in the oceans, creating vast “garbage patches” that threaten marine ecosystems. Microplastics, tiny particles of plastic less than five millimeters in length, are now found almost everywhere, from the deepest ocean trenches to remote mountain peaks. Scientists, (18) ______, are increasingly concerned about the effects of these particles on both wildlife and human health. Many marine animals mistake plastic for food, which can lead to severe injury or even death when ingested. (19) _____. Not only does plastic harm sea life, but it also enters the food chain and "each’s human consumers. By breaking down into microplastics, plastic can become even more widespread and challenging to eliminate. (20) ___. Accumulating in water bodies, affecting the health of aquatic plants and animals, releasing harmful chemicals while decomposing and further contaminating ecosystems, (21) ______. (Adapted from https://oceanconservancy.org/)

Udemy: Learn Anything, Anytime Udemy is an online learning platform (22) ________ people learn new skills and improve their knowledge. With over 150,000 (23) ________, students can (24) ________ from a wide range of subjects. Whether you want to learn about topics like business, design, IT, and more. Udemy offers flexible learning (25) ________ your own pace, so you can fit courses around your schedule. Whether you’re looking (26) ________ in your career or learn something new, Udemy has something for everyone. You can access courses on your computer, tablet, or phone, making learning easy and (27) ________. Start learning today and unlock your potential with Udemy. (Adapted from Udemy – Online Courses)

Cultural diversity refers to the presence of multiple cultural groups and their practices within a society. It encompasses various aspects such as language, traditions, beliefs, and values. Embracing cultural diversity can lead to a more inclusive and harmonious society, where individuals appreciate and respect differences. This diversity enriches communities by introducing new perspectives, fostering creativity, and promoting mutual understanding. One significant benefit of cultural diversity is the exchange of ideas and knowledge. When people from different cultural backgrounds interact, they share their unique experiences and insights. This exchange can lead to innovative solutions and improvements in various fields such as science, art, and business. Moreover, cultural diversity can enhance social cohesion by encouraging people to work together and learn from one another. Education plays a crucial role in promoting cultural diversity. Schools and universities can create inclusive environments by incorporating diverse perspectives into their curricula and encouraging students to engage with different cultures. By doing so, educational institutions help students develop a global mindset and prepare them for a multicultural world. Additionally, exposure to diverse cultures at a young age can reduce prejudices and promote tolerance. In the workplace, cultural diversity can boost productivity and creativity. Diverse teams bring together individuals with different skills, viewpoints, and problem-solving approaches. This variety can enhance decision-making processes and lead to more effective and innovative solutions. Companies that prioritize cultural diversity also tend to have a more positive work environment and higher employee satisfaction. Despite its benefits, cultural diversity also presents challenges. Misunderstandings and conflicts can arise when people from different cultural backgrounds interact. To address these challenges, it is essential to promote open communication and cultural competence. By fostering an inclusive culture, societies and organizations can maximize the benefits of cultural diversity while minimizing potential conflicts. (Adapted from sciencedaily.com)