Procrastination IELTS Reading Answers with Explanation

Luyện tập đề IELTS Reading Practice với passage Procrastination được lấy từ cuốn sách IELTS Cambridge IELTS Practice Test 20 - Test 2 - Passage 2 với trải nghiệm thi IELTS trên máy và giải thích đáp án chi tiết bằng Linearthinking, kèm list từ vựng IELTS cần học trong bài đọc.

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Procrastination IELTS Reading Answers with Explanation

📖 Bài đọc (reading passage)

Procrastination
A psychologist explains why we put off important tasks and how we can break this habit
A
A. Procrastination is the habit of delaying a necessary task, usually by focusing on less urgent, more enjoyable, and easier activities instead. We all do it from time to time. We might be composing a message to a friend who we have to let down, or putting together an important report for college or work; we're doing our best to avoid doing the job at hand, but deep down we know that we should just be getting on with it. Unfortunately, berating ourselves won't stop us procrastinating again. In fact, it's one of the worst things we can do. This matters because, as my research shows, procrastination doesn't just waste time, but is actually linked to other problems, too.
B
B. Contrary to popular belief, procrastination is not due to laziness or poor time management. Scientific studies suggest procrastination is, in fact, caused by poor mood management. This makes sense if we consider that people are more likely to put off starting or completing tasks that they are really not keen to do. If just thinking about the task threatens our sense of self-worth or makes us anxious, we will be more likely to put it off. Research involving brain imaging has found that areas of the brain linked to detection of threats and emotion regulation are actually different in people who chronically procrastinate compared to those who don't procrastinate frequently.
C
C. Tasks that are emotionally loaded or difficult, such as preparing for exams, are prime candidates for procrastination. People with low self-esteem are more likely to procrastinate. Another group of people who tend to procrastinate are perfectionists, who worry their work will be judged harshly by others. We know that if we don't finish that report or complete those home repairs, then what we did can't be evaluated. When we avoid such tasks, we also avoid the negative emotions associated with them. This is rewarding, and it conditions us to use procrastination to repair our mood. If we engage in more enjoyable tasks instead, we get another mood boost. In the long run, however, procrastination isn't an effective way of managing emotions. The 'mood repair' we experience is temporary. Afterwards, people tend to be left with a sense of guilt that not only increases their negative mood, but also reinforces their tendency to procrastinate.
D
D. So why is this such a problem? When most people think of the costs of procrastination, they think of the toll on productivity. For example, studies have shown that procrastination negatively impacts on student performance. But putting off reading textbooks and writing essays may affect other areas of students' lives. In one study of over 3,000 German students over a six-month period, those who reported procrastinating over their university work were also more likely to engage in study-related misconduct, such as cheating and plagiarism. But the behaviour that procrastination was most closely linked with was using fraudulent excuses to get deadline extensions. Other research shows that employees on average spend almost a quarter of their workday procrastinating, and again this is linked with negative outcomes. In fact, in one US survey of over 22,000 employees, participants who said they regularly procrastinated had less annual income and less employment stability. For every one-point increase on a measure of chronic procrastination, annual income decreased by US$15,000.
E
E. Procrastination also correlates with serious health and well-being problems. A tendency to procrastinate is linked to poor mental health, including higher levels of depression and anxiety. Across numerous studies, l've found people who regularly procrastinate report a greater number of health issues, such as headaches, flu and colds, and digestive issues. They also experience higher levels of stress and poor sleep quality. They are less likely to practise healthy behaviours, such as eating a healthy diet and regularly exercising, and use destructive coping strategies to manage their stress. In one study of over 700 people, I found people prone to procrastination had a 63% greater risk of poor heart health after accounting for other personality traits and demographics.
F
F. Finding better ways of managing our emotions is one route out of the vicious cycle of procrastination. An important first step is to manage our environment and how we view the task. There are a number of evidence-based strategies that can help us fend off distractions that can occupy our minds when we should be focusing on the thing we should be getting on with. For example, reminding ourselves about why the task is important and valuable can increase positive feelings towards it. Forgiving ourselves and feeling compassion when we procrastinate can help break the procrastination cycle. We should admit that we feel bad, but not be overly critical of ourselves. We should remind ourselves that we're not the first person to procrastinate, nor the last. Doing this can take the edge off the negative feelings we have about ourselves when we procrastinate. This can all make it easier to get back on track.

❓ Câu hỏi (questions)

mention of false assumptions about why people procrastinate

reference to the realisation that others also procrastinate

neurological evidence of a link between procrastination and emotion

What makes us procrastinate?

Many people think that procrastination is the result of ﻿ . Others believe it to be the result of an inability to organise time efficiently. But scientific studies suggest that procrastination is actually due to poor mood management. The tasks we are most likely to put off are those that could damage our self-esteem or cause us to feel ﻿ when we think about them. Research comparing chronic procrastinators with other people even found differences in the brain regions associated with regulating emotions and identifying ﻿.
Emotionally loaded and difficult tasks often cause us to procrastinate. Getting ready to take ﻿ might be a typical example of one such task. People who are likely to procrastinate tend to be either ﻿  or those with low self-esteem. Procrastination is only a short-term measure for managing emotions. It's often followed by a feeling of ﻿ , which worsens our mood and leads to more procrastination.

Which TWO comparisons between employees who often procrastinate and those who do not are mentioned in the text?

Their salaries are lower.

The quality of their work is inferior.

They don't keep their jobs for as long.

They don't enjoy their working lives as much.

They have poorer relationships with colleagues.

Which TWO recommendations for getting out of a cycle of procrastination does the writer give?

not judging ourselves harshly

setting ourselves manageable aims

rewarding ourselves for tasks achieved

prioritising tasks according to their importance

avoiding things that stop us concentrating on our tasks

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

Giải thích chi tiết

☺️ Ứng dụng Linearthinking để giải quyết dạng bài Matching Information 📌 Dạng Matching Information chúng ta nên làm cuối cùng, sau khi đã làm các dạng câu hỏi khác nhé DOLBIES, bởi vì lúc này mình đã đọc và hiểu nội dung của bài rồi, cộng thêm nghệ thuật Specify của Linearthinking → sẽ nhanh chóng tìm được vị trí đáp án hơn!!

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Step 01: Read the question to predict

Hiểu câu hỏi: mention of false assumptions about why people procrastinate
Specify & Predict: Tìm đoạn bác bỏ quan niệm phổ biến nhưng sai lầm về lý do người ta trì hoãn. Đoạn văn sẽ đưa thông tin chi tiết hơn về một quan niệm (ví dụ: nghĩ trì hoãn là do lười/không biết quản lý thời gian) và giải thích nguyên nhân tại sao nó sai lầm theo nghiên cứu.

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Step 02: Khoanh vùng đoạn văn 🔍 Từ khóa: “false assumptions”, “why people procrastinate”

→ Dựa vào các từ khoá trên, có thể khoanh vùng được đoạn B vì có xuất hiện các cụm như “Contrary to popular belief” (trái với niềm tin phổ biến); “not due to laziness or poor time management” (không phải do lười biếng hay quản lý thời gian kém); " is, in fact, caused by poor mood management" (mà thật ra là do quản lý cảm xúc kém).

→ Đây là ví dụ cụ thể cho những giả định sai lầm về nguyên nhân của procrastination.

✅ Chọn PARAGRAPH B.

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